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This study examines the effects of cold plasma seed treatment on the growth and development of herbivores, using rice and FAW as models. A detailed evaluation was conducted on rice and FAW performance under cold plasma treatment and control conditions, focusing on the following questions: (1) Can cold plasma treatment enhance plant growth traits and improve host plant resistance? (2) What are the growth and developmental consequences of cold plasma treatments on FAW? and (3) How does the effect of cold plasma treatment on FAW differ when applied directly rather than through a plant intermediate? Based on these considerations, it is predicted that cold plasma seed treatment has the potential to improve plant growth traits and reduce insect herbivory on cold plasma-treated plants compared to untreated plants.

The results show that cold plasma benefits plants by enhancing growth and defense while harming the polyphagous herbivore FAW. Its effects are strongest under direct exposure and extend beyond larval stages. Further research is needed on exposure time, frequency, and mechanisms for consistent results across crops.