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This brochure considers the need for innovative solutions to address the on-going loss of ecosystem services due to unsustainable land use, such as the large tracts of mangrove forest cleared from tropical coastal areas to make room for aquaculture ponds, urban settlements and other land uses. It explains the concept of hybrid engineering as it relates to mangrove coasts. It provides a rationale for moving away from over-reliance on hard engineered structures, and moving towards working alongside and with nature for coastal resilience. It is intended to be used by policy makers and practitioners when considering options for coastal defence in tropical coastal regions.