China: Comprehensive national plan on disaster prevention and reduction (2016-2020) (the 13th five-year plan)
This plan is formulated to implement the decisions and arrangements of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on strengthening disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief efforts. It aims to enhance society's overall capacity to withstand natural disasters, effectively safeguard people's lives and property, and provide solid support for the full realization of a moderately prosperous society. The plan is based on the 13th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China and relevant laws and regulations. Disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief are crucial to protecting lives and property, maintaining social stability, assessing the leadership of the ruling party, testing government execution capabilities, evaluating national mobilization capacity, and demonstrating national cohesion.
Major principles are as follows:
- People-Centered and Coordinated Development
- Prevention First and Comprehensive Disaster Reduction
- Hierarchical Responsibility with Localized Leadership
- Legal Compliance and Scientific Disaster Reduction
- Government Leadership with Social Participation
In Chinese:
本规划是为贯彻落实党中央、国务院对于加强防灾减灾救灾工作的决策部署，提高全社会抵御自然灾害的综合防范能力，切实维护人民群众生命财产安全，为全面建成小康社会提供坚实保障，依据《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十叁个五年规划纲要》以及有关法律法规而制定。防灾减灾救灾工作事关人民群众生命财产安全，事关社会和谐稳定，是衡量执政党领导力、检验政府执行力、评判国家动员力、彰显民族凝聚力的一个重要方面。
本规划遵循以下基本原则：以人为本，协调发展。坚持以人为本，把确保人民群众生命安全放在首位，保障受灾群众基本生活，增强全民防灾减灾意识， 提升公众自救互救技能，切实减少人员伤亡和财产损失。遵循自然规律，通过减轻灾害风险促进经济社会可持续发展。 预防为主，综合减灾。突出灾害风险管理，着重加强自然灾害监测预报预警、风险评估、工程防御、宣传教育等预防工作， 坚持防灾抗灾救灾过程有机统一，综合运用各类资源和多种手段， 强化统筹协调，推进各领域、全过程的灾害管理工作。 分级负责，属地为主。根据灾害造成的人员伤亡、财产损失和社会影响等因素，及时启动相应应急响应，中央发挥统筹指导和支持作用，各级党委和政府分级负责，地方就近指挥、强化协调并在救灾中发挥主体作用、承担主体责任。 依法应对，科学减灾。坚持法治思维，依法行政，提高防灾减灾救灾工作法治化、规范化、现代化水平。强化科技创新，有效提高防灾减灾救灾科技支撑能力和水平。 政府主导，社会参与。坚持各级政府在防灾减灾救灾工作中的主导地位，充分发挥市场机制和社会力量的重要作用，加强政府与社会力量、市场机制的协同配合，形成工作合力。
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