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Agriculture is highly vulnerable to climate change impacts, which has implications for food security. This note examines measures to reduce impacts of food production and agricultural land use on climate change (mitigation) and to adapt agricultural land use to that change (adaptation).

Key points in this note include:

• Agriculture is one of the most vulnerable sectors to the impacts of climate change, as well as the fourth-highest greenhouse gas emitting sector globally.
• Changes in temperature and rainfall, shifting pests and diseases, and increasingly frequent extreme weather events will affect food production and security globally.
• Emissions from food production could be reduced by encouraging healthier diets, reducing food waste, and changing farming and land management practices.
• Agriculture could be more resilient to climate change impacts through new technology or by diversifying crops on farms.
• Changes in food demand and farming practices may enable land to be taken out of agricultural use for land uses that deliver climate change mitigation and adaptation.