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This report summarizes findings in the Sixth IPCC Assessment Report (AR6) of Working Group II on Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, focusing on human aspects of loss and damage. The AR6 report emphasizes a few core messages related to loss and damage across topics and sectors. The summarized findings can be translated into actionable information for national and regional policy-makers.

The article provides the following takeaways: 

• Adaptation does not prevent all loss and damage, even with effective adaptation and before reaching soft and hard limits; 
• Loss and damage is unequally distributed across systems, regions and sectors and is not comprehensively addressed by current financial, governance and institutional arrangements, particularly in vulnerable developing countries;
• With increasing global warming, loss and damage increases and becomes increasingly difficult to avoid, while remaining strongly concentrated among the poorest vulnerable populations.