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This report supports the design and programming of a baseline analysis of the social protection and disaster risk financing (DRF) landscape in the Sahel region. This is the second in a series of diagnostic reports aimed at informing the design and programming of the Centre's support to the SASPP. The diagnostic focuses on the intersection between DRF and social protection in Mali, and provides an overview of:

1. The main disaster events resulting in significant economic and fiscal impacts over the past 20 years.
2. Existing legislation, institutional arrangements and government programmes to deliver and finance disaster preparedness, disaster response and social protection.
3. DRF sources and instruments relevant to adaptive social protection (ASP).

Recommendations are made to improve government capabilities, including:

1. Strengthen government capabilities to estimate the macro-fiscal implications of disaster risks, and risk-based approaches to budgeting.
2. Strengthen and expand the restricted stock unit (RSU).
3. Identify and quantify contingent liabilities to strengthen the planning and budgeting of disaster preparedness and response.
4. Strengthen domestic financing instruments that have the potential to facilitate ASP.

Also, recommendations are made for the next phase of the Safety Nets Programme:

1. Secure the future of the Emergency Social Safety Net (Jigiséméjiri) project and coverage of the most vulnerable.
2. Consider an innovative multi-hazard trigger design.
3. Strengthen risk financing instruments that have the potential to facilitate resilience-building and ASP.
4. Leverage the capacities of humanitarian partners for ASP.
5. Connect ASP with ongoing and well-developed government efforts in emergency planning and preparedness for food crises.