Human mobility in Nationally Determined Contributions
This briefing note examines the extent to which the different dimensions of human mobility - migration, disaster displacement, and planned relocation - have been integrated into the revised, updated, and newly submitted Nationally Determined Contributions under the Paris Agreement. Increasingly, climate change has become an underlying driver of human mobility that shapes and alters existing movement patterns or opens up new movement corridors around the world.
The key takeaways of this briefing note are:
- Out of a total 87 countries that have submitted revised or updated NDCs in 2020 or 2021 so far, 25 (29%) include human mobility in some form.
- 64% of these refer to displacement, 56% to migration, and 48% to planned relocation.
- The majority of these are in Central or South America, followed by Africa and Asia. There is only one Annex-I party that includes a reference to human mobility (Russia).
- 10 countries have concrete provisions for relocation, 8 countries for displacement, and 4 for migration.
Explore further
