Industrial disasters and hazards: From causes to consequences — a holistic approach to resilience
The review paper aims to provide a holistic description of the diverse causes, dynamics, and multidimensional consequences of industrial disasters. Additionally, it highlights and explains the key factors that directly or indirectly contribute to their occurrence. This paper also aims to analyze existing strategies for managing risks from industrial disasters and systematizes recommendations for improving preventive and reactive measures in high-risk industries. Cases analyzed in this review include well-known industrial disasters such as Seveso (Italy, 1976), Bhopal (India, 1984), Chernobyl (Ukraine, then USSR, 1986), and Fukushima (Japan, 2011)
The implications of this review paper are multifaceted and point to the following: the need to reassess current safety practices in industries; reconsider the potential for introducing innovations in preventive technical-technological solutions; examine the thorough implementation of innovative early warning systems, safety procedures, and modern equipment in facilities; improve cooperation between engineers, safety managers, and regulatory workers; reassess the need for additional updates and tightening of regulations regarding the storage, transport, and use of hazardous materials in industry; and improve the management of risks from industrial disasters.
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