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The study initially proposes an indicator-based approach for assessing location-specific variations in landslide resilience to minimise landslide risk by building a resilient society in the Rangamati Hill District (RHD), Bangladesh. Secondly, the research constructed a household-level Landslide Resilience Index (LRI_H) based on four dimensions of resilience: social, economic capital, physical, and environmental systems. After reviewing the literature, two Focus Group Discussions, and 10 Key Informant Interviews, 48 location-specific variables were utilised to create the LRI_H, which entails 19 indicators. Finally, 294 household heads from eleven landslide-prone hills were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire.

Dimension-based indexes for each household were created by subjectively weighting categorical data and standardising continuous variables. To construct and map the LRIH, composite scores of the four dimension-based indices were normalised using min–max techniques and rescaled into 0 and 1. The result identified that only 4.8 % of households in the study area obtained a high level of LRI_H. The findings also exhibited that out of the eleven study sites, Gorjontoli (μ = 0.63) and Rupnagar (μ = 0.26) ranked first and eleventh, respectively, in terms of LRI_H. The spatial pattern revealed that households located near urban areas received greater resilience in contrast to those in the suburbs. The results provide a comprehensive framework for policymakers and academics to build a resilient society against landslides, which may be adopted in comparable regional settings. The findings also contribute to achieving the fourth priority action of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015–2030), which seeks to enhance society’s resilience.